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Human skin color is determined by the levels and types of melanin, which are produced by specialized cells known as melanocytes. Variations in melanin levels can lead to pigmentation disorders such as hyperpigmentation (dark patches), hypopigmentation (light patches), or depigmentation (whitish patches). Additionally, factors like acne, skin injuries, sun exposure, genetic predisposition, and autoimmune diseases can affect melanin production, resulting in changes in skin coloration.
Skin pigmentation is controlled by melanocytes in the outer skin layer, producing melanin. Melanin comes in two types eumelanin (brown/black) and pheomelanin (yellow/red). The balance of these types, influenced by hormones, genetics, and other factors, determines your skin color and UV protection.
Hyperpigmentation occurs when skin darkens due to excess melanin. Causes include birthmarks, age spots, acne scars, pregnancy (melasma), Addison’s disease, certain medications, and sun exposure.
Hypopigmented skin appears lighter due to reduced melanin levels. It can result from past injuries like burns or infections, skin conditions like psoriasis or eczema, or genetic disorders such as albinism, which limit melanin production.
Depigmentation is the process by which the skin loses its pigmentation, resulting in a white appearance. One common cause of this condition is vitiligo, an autoimmune disorder characterized by the development of white patches on the skin.
Available treatment:
For dark spots resulting from pregnancy, it is important to seek guidance from your doctor. The use of sunscreen and protective clothing can help prevent further darkening, and these spots may diminish following childbirth.
Lighter skin that has sustained damage typically recovers over time, and the use of cosmetics can assist in achieving a more uniform skin tone.
In cases of depigmentation resulting from chronic conditions, it is advisable to seek the expertise of a dermatologist. Potential treatment options may encompass:
" Dr. Shwetha is a wonderful person who is very polite and listens to our concerns patiently. She cleared my acne within five months and helped control my PCOD using diet without any medication. I would definitely recommend Aakriti Skin Care Clinic. "
" Dr. Shwetha is a wonderful person who is very polite and listens to our concerns patiently. She cleared my acne within five months and helped control my PCOD using diet without any medication. I would definitely recommend Aakriti Skin Care Clinic. "
" Dr. Shwetha is a wonderful person who is very polite and listens to our concerns patiently. She cleared my acne within five months and helped control my PCOD using diet without any medication. I would definitely recommend Aakriti Skin Care Clinic. "
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